مذاکرات جاری یک فرصت طلایی برای ختم چند دهه تخاصم آمریکا و ایران است
Interview, Aljazeera, June 22, 2026
Persian and English
موسویان: توافق هسته ای بدون توافق در موضوعات کلان امنیت منطقه پایدار نخواهد ماند
مذاکرات جاری یک فرصت طلایی برای ختم چند دهه تخاصم آمریکا و ایران است
مجری: کلیدی ترین دستاورد مذاکرات اخیر ایران و آمریکا چیست؟
موسویان: معتقدم مهمترین بخش توافقات پنج موضوع است: اول توقف مخاصمات مسلحانه؛ دوم احترام به حاکمیت ملی؛ سوم عدم مداخله در امور داخلی یکدیگر؛ چهارم. انجام مذاکرات مستقیم درعالیترین سطح پس از انقلاب و
پنجم مذاکرات درباره مسائل هستهای و امنیت منطقهای است که برای اولین بار بعد از انقلاب صورت میگیرد
در مذاکرات اخیر در ژنو هم مهمترین نیز بخش توافقات: بازگشایی تنگه هرمز، رفع محاصره دریایی ایران، تعلیق موقت تحریمهای نفت و پترو شیمی، آزادسازی بخشی از اموال ایران و آغاز همکاریهای جدید ایران با ژانس بین المللی انرژی اتمی؛ میباشد
مجری: ایا شما معتقدید که یک فرصت واقعی برای تحول در روابط ایران وآمریکا بوجود آمده است؟
موسویان: معتقدم مذاکرات جاری یک فرصت طلایی برای ختم چند دهه تخاصم آمریکا و ایران است چون در طول 47 سال گذشته، آمریکا همه سناریوهای تحریم و فشار و جنگ علیه ایران را تجربه کرده وموفق نشده است. آمریکا و اسرائیل تصور میکردند که با حملات اخیر، ایران سقوط خواهد کرد، نظام فعلی تغییر خواهد کرد، بر منابع نفت ایران همچون ونزوئلا مسلط خواهند شد و حتی ممکن است بتوان ایران را تجزیه کرد. هیچکدام از این موارد اتفاق نیافتاد. لذا از این جهت یک فرصت واقعی برای دو طرف بوجود آمده که نه تنها در مورد هسته ای بلکه در مورد اختلافات کلان مذاکره مستقیم داشته باشند و به راه حل مرضی الطرفین دست یابند
مجری: با توجه به تجربه برجام، میزان بی اعتمادی ایران چقدر افزایش یافته است
موسویان: واقعیت این است که همه طرفهای درگیر در جنگ خسارتهای عظیمی دیده اند و لذا علاقه ای به ادامه جنگ ندارند. مردم ایران هم خواستار جنگ نیستند. منتهی اعتماد هم ندارند که حتی در صورت توافق، آمریکا به تعهداتش پایبند باشد. چون برجام بین ایران با آمریکا و همه قدرتهای جهانی و شورای امنیت سازمان ملل مورد توافق قرارگرفت، ایران به تعهداتش عمل کرد و آمریکا از آن خارج شد. منتهی معتقدم پرزیدنت ترامپ به این نتیجه رسیده که سیاستهای گذشته بجایی نرسیده و نخواهد رسید. لذا فرصت برای دیپلماسی جدی است
مجری: اگر شما مذاکره کننده بودید: مهممترین موضوع مورد توافق را چه میدانستید؟
موسویان: بدیهی است که در موضوع هسته ای باید توافقی بر اساس تعهد ایران به عدم ساخت بمب و تعهد آمریکا به پذیرش حقوق قانونی ایران شامل غنی سازی طبق معاهده ان.پی.تی صورت گیرد. اما توافق هسته ای بدون توافق در موضوعات کلان امنیت منطقه پایدار نخواهد ماند. حتی اگر در مورد هسته ای هم توافق کنند، دو موضوع مهم منطقه ای : 1- صلح پایدار بین ایران و کشورهای عرب متحد آمریکا در خلیج فارس و 2- ختم تهدیدات تهدیدات نظامی-امنیتی-موجودیتی بین اسرائیل و ایران است. اگر در این دو مورد چاره اندیشی نشود، توافق احتمالی هسته ای هم پایدار نخواهد ماند
https://donya-e-eqtesad.com/fa/tiny/news-4278465
Interviewer: Joining me now live from Princeton, New Jersey, is Seyed Hossein Mousavian, a former Iranian nuclear negotiator and Middle East security and nuclear policy specialist at Princeton University. Thank you so much for joining us.
Given your experience with these kinds of negotiations, what do you see as the key elements of what the United States and Iran have agreed on so far?
Seyed Hossein Mousavian: I think the most important elements are the cessation of armed hostilities, respect for each other’s sovereignty, and acceptance of the principle of non-interference in each other’s internal affairs. I believe these are the most significant points.
At the same time, they have started direct negotiations at the highest level between the two countries since the 1979 Revolution. We have never had direct talks at such a high level before.
Second, for the first time, Iran has agreed to negotiate not only on the nuclear issue or a single subject. This is a broader negotiation that includes both nuclear issues and regional security issues.
I believe these four or five elements are extremely important. That is why, in the first round of negotiations yesterday, they agreed on reopening the Strait of Hormuz, lifting the naval blockade, waiving sanctions related to petrochemicals and oil, and partially releasing Iranian assets.
These are very important steps that were agreed upon yesterday, based on the principles outlined in the memorandum of understanding.
Interviewer: Do you think this represents a real opportunity to fundamentally change the relationship between the United States and Iran?
Mousavian: I believe this is truly a golden opportunity. After 47 years, the United States has experienced every form of coercive policy: sanctions, maximum pressure, isolation, cyberattacks, assassinations, and military strikes.
The United States has tried every coercive strategy. These policies have failed.
Therefore, both sides now understand that they cannot achieve regime change or collapse in Iran, even through very strong military action. The United States and Israel, two nuclear powers, have attacked Iran twice, yet they failed to bring about regime change, the disintegration of Iran, or control over Iran’s oil resources.
I think both sides now understand that this is the time to move beyond negotiations only on the nuclear issue and address broader issues where both sides have grievances and concerns, especially considering what happened with the JCPOA.
Interviewer: How much do you think the withdrawal from the JCPOA increased Iranian mistrust of the United States?
Mousavian: Both sides have strong incentives to end decades of hostility and military confrontation because the recent military conflict has imposed enormous costs—not only on Iran and the United States, but also on Israel and the entire region.
At the same time, Iranian public opinion and Iranian officials are genuinely looking for a way to end confrontation with the United States and reach a sustainable compromise.
There is definitely a very high level of mistrust after the United States withdrew from the JCPOA. This was an agreement reached between Iran and the United States, Iran and the world powers, endorsed by the United Nations Security Council, and verified by the IAEA.
Iran was in full compliance, yet the United States withdrew.
During President Trump’s first term, the policy of maximum pressure was pursued, and perhaps under Israeli influence, there was a belief that even military action could change Iran’s trajectory.
Now, it is clear that neither maximum pressure nor military strikes have achieved their objectives.
That is why I hope this time the United States will work toward a sustainable agreement that can bridge the gap of mistrust with Iran.
Interviewer: If you were part of these negotiations taking place in Switzerland, where would you focus your attention to ensure a final agreement?
Mousavian: On the nuclear issue, they definitely need an agreement. There is no doubt about that.
Iran should be flexible and cooperative and provide all objective guarantees necessary to assure the international community that Iran will never pursue nuclear weapons.
I believe Iran is prepared to do this because Iran is not seeking nuclear weapons.
At the same time, the United States should be prepared to respect Iran’s legitimate legal rights under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) to peaceful nuclear technology, including enrichment.
Other NPT members, such as Germany, Brazil, Argentina, and Japan, have enrichment capabilities for peaceful purposes. They do not possess nuclear weapons.
Therefore, respecting Iran’s rights under the NPT and international law, combined with Iranian transparency measures, an open nuclear program, and guarantees that Iran will not develop nuclear weapons, could help achieve a final nuclear agreement.
However, even if there is agreement on the nuclear issue, without addressing regional issues, there will never be a sustainable agreement.
One important element is creating a new security and cooperation mechanism between Iran, the United States, and America’s Arab partners in the region—particularly in the Persian Gulf.
The eight countries surrounding the Persian Gulf need to establish a regional security and cooperation structure, similar to the cooperative frameworks that exist in Europe.
They should collectively address the stability and security of the Persian Gulf and even the Strait of Hormuz.
Interviewer: You mentioned regional issues. How do you see Israel’s role in this process?
Mousavian: We know that Israel has played a role in the two recent wars. Many American officials have repeatedly stated publicly that these were not American wars but Israeli wars.
Therefore, I believe the United States and Iran also need to address the decades-long pattern of military, security, and existential threats between Iran and Israel.
The United States is in a position to play a constructive mediating role in ending these mutual existential security threats.
For decades, Iran and Israel have experienced deep hostility and security tensions. A sustainable regional arrangement requires addressing these issues.
Interviewer: We will have to see where these negotiations lead. That was Seyed Hossein Mousavian, former Iranian nuclear negotiator and Middle East security and nuclear policy specialist at Princeton University. Thank you very much for joining us.